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1.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(4): 266-270, agosto 2021. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1280929

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Describir el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en el programa de cirugía cardiovascular pediátrica y estimar el tiempo para reducir la lista de espera quirúrgica. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se compararon resultados quirúrgicos del período preCOVID versus el período COVID. Se utilizó un modelo matemático para estimar el tiempo para reducir la lista de espera. Resultados. Entre el 23 de marzo y el 31 de agosto de 2020 se operaron 83 pacientes, que representan una reducción del 60 %, respecto al período preCOVID. La mediana de edad fue de 6 meses (rango intercuartílico [RIC]: 25-75, 1,8 meses a 2,9 años; p = 0,0023. El tiempo para eliminar la lista de espera varía entre 10 y 19 meses. Conclusiones. El programa tuvo una reducción del 60 %. El tiempo de resolución de la lista de espera puede ser al menos 10 a 19 meses


Objective. To describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a pediatric cardiovascular surgery program and estimate the necessary time to reduce the surgery waiting list. Methods. Retrospective, descriptive study. Surgical outcomes from the pre-COVID-19 period and COVID-19 period were compared. A mathematical model was used to estimate the time necessary to reduce the waiting list. Results. Between March 23rd and August 31st, 2020, 83 patients underwent surgery, accounting for a 60 % reduction compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. Their median age was 6 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 25-75, 1.8 months to 2.9 years; p = 0.0023). The time necessary to eliminate the waiting list ranges from 10 to 19 months. Conclusions. There was a 60 % reduction in the program. The time required to clear the backlog of cases may range from, at least, 10 to 19 month


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures/trends , Waiting Lists , Time-to-Treatment/trends , Health Services Accessibility/trends , Hospitals, Public/trends , Argentina/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Pandemics , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19/epidemiology , Models, Theoretical
2.
Rev. cuba. enferm ; 37(2): e3684, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF, CUMED | ID: biblio-1347416

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El alto índice de lesiones por presión en la Atención Primaria de Salud del municipio San José, generó la necesidad de utilizar una superficie especial de manejo de presión sustituto para su prevención. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de una superficie especial de manejo de presión sustituto en la prevención de lesiones por presión. Métodos: Intervención cuasi-experimental con grupo control en pacientes encamados con lesiones por presión estadíos I y II en consultorios del Policlínico "Luis A. Turcios Lima", Mayabeque, durante 2018. Universo de 57 pacientes, se conformaron dos grupos por muestreo aleatorio simple. El grupo experimental con 27 pacientes (medidas generales de prevención y superficie especial de manejo de presión sustituto) y grupo control (medidas generales de prevención) 30 pacientes. Se calculó media aritmética y desviación estándar, se estimó Odds Ratio a través de modelo multivariado de regresión logística, con intervalo de confianza del 95 por ciento y un nivel de significancia p < 0.05. Resultados: Predominó el sexo femenino (66,67 por ciento grupo experimental, 73,33 por ciento grupo control). La edad media fue mayor en el grupo control (74,3 años), prevalecieron las lesiones estadio I (50,88 por ciento) y las regiones sacra y calcánea las más afectadas (45,61 por ciento y 24,56 por ciento, respectivamente), el tiempo de tratamiento promedio fue 10 días 8 horas. Se constató la efectividad de la superficie especial de manejo de presión sustituto en grupo experimental (92,59 por ciento), frente a la efectividad de medidas preventivas del grupo control (26,67 por ciento). Conclusiones: La utilización de una superficie especial de manejo de presión sustituto, diseñada con materiales de fácil acceso fue efectiva en la prevención de las lesiones por presión(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: The high rate of pressure injuries in primary health care of San José Municipality generated the need to use a special substitute pressure management surface for its prevention. Objective: To assess the effectiveness a special surrogate pressure management surface in preventing pressure injuries. Methods: Quasiexperimental intervention with a control group in bedridden patients with pressure injuries at stages I and II, carried out, during 2018, in family medical offices of Luis A. Turcios Lima Polyclinic, Mayabeque Province. The universe was 57 patients. Two groups were formed by simple random sampling. The experimental was made up of 27 patients (general preventive measures and special surrogate pressure management surface) and the control group was made up of 30 patients (general preventive measures). Arithmetic mean and standard deviation were calculated and odds ratio was estimated through multivariate logistic regression model, with a 95 percent confidence interval and a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The female sex predominated (66.67 percent from the experimental group and 73.33 percent from the control group). The mean age was higher in the control group (74.3 years). Stage I lesions prevailed (50.88 percent), while the sacral and calcaneal regions were the most affected (45.61 percent and 24.56 percent, respectively). Average treatment time was ten days and eight hours. Effectiveness of the special surrogate pressure management surface was found in the experimental group (92.59 percent), compared to the effectiveness of preventive measures in the control group (26.67 percent). Conclusions: The use of a special surrogate pressure management surface, designed with easily accessible materials, was effective in preventing pressure injuries(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Primary Health Care/methods , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Time-to-Treatment/trends , Bedridden Persons , Controlled Before-After Studies/methods
3.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 40(3): 219-223, Jul-Sep 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144667

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction : During the COVID-19 pandemic, endoscopic procedures are associated with a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, in cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), priority should be given to an early endoscopy. Objective : The main objective was to compare the time since arrival at the hospital and the performance of the endoscopy between both groups. Materials and methods : We performed a retrospective study. Data contains information of patients who attended to the hospital with UGIB and underwent an endoscopy between October 19th, 2019 and June 6th, 2020. Patients were divided into 2 phases: pre-pandemic and pandemic. The time between arrival at the hospital and the performance of the endoscopy in both phases were compared as well as other indicators such hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. Results : With information from 219 patients, the median age was 69 years. 154 and 65 endoscopies were performed in pre-pandemic and pandemic phase, respectively. The time between arrival at the hospital and the performance of the endoscopy was significantly longer during the pandemic (10.00 vs. 13.08 hours, p-value = 0.019). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in hospital stay or mortality. Conclusion : The management of patients with UGIB during the COVID-19 pandemic is complex and requires the application of clinical judgment to decide the best timing to perform an endoscopy without affecting patient care.


RESUMEN Introducción : Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, los procedimientos endoscópicos se asocian con un alto riesgo de infección por SARS-CoV-2. Sin embargo, en casos de hemorragia digestiva alta (HDA), se debe dar prioridad a una endoscopia precoz. Objetivo : El objetivo principal fue comparar el tiempo transcurrido desde la llegada al hospital y la realización de la endoscopia entre ambos grupos. Materiales y métodos : Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo. Los datos contienen información de pacientes que acudieron al hospital con HDA y fueron sometidos a endoscopia entre el 19 de octubre de 2019 y el 6 de junio de 2020. Los pacientes se dividieron en 2 fases: prepandémica y pandémica. Se comparó el tiempo transcurrido entre la llegada al hospital y la realización de la endoscopia en ambas fases, así como otros indicadores como la estancia hospitalaria y la mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Resultados : Con información de 219 pacientes, la mediana de edad fue de 69 años. Se realizaron 154 y 65 endoscopias en fase prepandémica y pandémica, respectivamente. El tiempo entre la llegada al hospital y la realización de la endoscopia fue significativamente mayor durante la pandemia (10,00 frente a 13,08 horas, valor de p = 0,019). Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias significativas en la estancia hospitalaria ni en la mortalidad. Conclusión : El manejo de pacientes con HDA durante la pandemia de COVID-19 es complejo y requiere la aplicación del juicio clínico para decidir el mejor momento para realizar una endoscopia sin afectar la atención del paciente.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumonia, Viral , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/trends , Coronavirus Infections , Upper Gastrointestinal Tract/diagnostic imaging , Pandemics , Time-to-Treatment/trends , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Peru , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Retrospective Studies , Infection Control/methods , Hospital Mortality/trends , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Pandemics/prevention & control , Clinical Decision-Making , COVID-19 , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/mortality , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Length of Stay/trends
4.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 29(4): e2019503, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124754

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de casos hospitalares de câncer primário de tireoide no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo descritivo dos casos informados pelos registros hospitalares de câncer que tiveram primeira consulta para tratamento no período 2000-2016 e cujo acompanhamento foi realizado pela instituição do registro informante. Resultados: Dos 52.912 casos, 83,4% eram femininos e 96,9% eram carcinomas diferenciados. Apresentaram menor tempo mediano para diagnóstico os casos anaplásicos (11 dias) e os residentes da região Sul do país (5 dias). O tratamento foi iniciado em até 60 dias em 88,8% dos casos que chegaram à instituição do registro sem diagnóstico e em 34,9% dos que chegaram com diagnóstico. Conclusão: Os achados são consistentes com a epidemiologia do câncer de tireoide, com predominância do sexo feminino e do carcinoma diferenciado. A análise do tempo para início do tratamento sugere dificuldades de acesso para aqueles que chegaram às instituições dos registros com diagnóstico.


Objetivo: Describir el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de los casos de cáncer de tiroides en Brasil. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de casos reportados por los registros hospitalarios de cáncer que tuvieron su primera consulta de tratamiento en el período 2000-2016 y el monitoreo fue realizado por la institución del registro. Resultados: De los 52.912 casos, 83,4% eran mujeres y 96,9% era de carcinomas diferenciados. El tiempo promedio hasta el diagnóstico fue menor en los anaplásicos (11 días) y en la región Sur (5 días). El tratamiento se inició dentro de los 60 días en 88.8% de los casos que llegaron a la institución de registro sin diagnóstico y en 34.9% de los que llegaron con diagnóstico. Conclusión: Los resultados son consistentes con la epidemiología del cáncer de tiroides, con predominio del sexo femenino y carcinomas diferenciados. El análisis del tiempo de tratamiento sugiere dificultades de acceso para casos que llegaron con diagnóstico.


Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of primary thyroid cancer hospital cases in Brazil. Methods: This is a descriptive study of cases held on hospital cancer records who had their first consultation for treatment in the period 2000-2016 and who were monitored by the hospitals providing those records. Results: Of the 52,912 cases, 83.4% were female and 96.9% were differentiated carcinoma cases. The median time to diagnosis was shorter for anaplastic cases (11 days) and for those living in Brazil's Southern region (5 days). Treatment was initiated within 60 days in 88.8% of cases that arrived at the hospitals without diagnosis and in 34.9% of those who arrived with diagnosis. Conclusion: The findings are consistent with thyroid cancer epidemiology, with a predominance of female cases and differentiated carcinomas. Analysis of time-to-treatment suggests access difficulties for those who already had diagnosis when they arrived at the hospitals.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/epidemiology , Hospital Records/statistics & numerical data , Time-to-Treatment/trends , Health Information Systems , Thyroid Gland/physiopathology , Health Profile , Brazil , Epidemiology, Descriptive
5.
Acta cir. bras ; 33(12): 1110-1121, Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973487

ABSTRACT

Abstract The growth of the urban population raises concern about municipal public managers in the sense of providing emergency medical services (EMS) that are aligned with the needs of prehospital emergency medical care demanded by the population. The literature review aims at presenting the response time of emergency medical services in several parts of the world and discussing some factors that interfere in the result of this indicator such as GDP (Gross Domestic Product) percentage spent on health and life expectancy of countries. The study will also show that in some of the consulted articles, authors suggest to EMS recommendations for decreasing the response time using simulations, heuristics and metaheuristics. Response time is a basic indicator of emergency medical services, in such a way that researchers use the descriptive statistics to evaluate this parameter. Europe and the USA outstand in the publication of studies that present this information. Some articles use stochastic and mathematical methods to suggest models that simulate scenarios of response time reduction and suggest such proposals to the local EMS. Countries in which the response time was identified have a high index of human development and life expectancy between 74.7 and 83.7 years.


Subject(s)
Humans , Emergency Medical Services/statistics & numerical data , Time-to-Treatment/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Ambulances/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Medical Services/trends , Gross Domestic Product , Time-to-Treatment/trends
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